Acetone will make old resin tacky on the surface, but it's not likely to wash it off without a very long battle. Sanding, as pointed out, is risky because any time you slide off of the hard resin and hit raw cedar, it dishes very quickly - usually before you can react. Heat gun and scraper is probably the best bet, though it's going to be a slow process. The other possible option might be chemical stripper. Some of the extra-nasty aircraft strippers work to some extent on resin.
Some folks believe that soaking the boat is a good way to remove fiberglass, but unless it's already delaminating, or prone to delaminating as the wood swells a bit, this isn't technically likely to happen. Water doesn't release well-bonded resin from wood. In this case, the residual resin that you're dealing with is pretty well bonded, which is why it didn't come off with the glass. The bond between the surface resin and the wood was stronger than the bond between the surface resin and the glass. Aside from taking your chances abrading it off, softening it with heat or pretty strong chemicals is probably going to be the most effective means of removing it.