W.A. Whitney Maine canoe c.1895

Kathryn Klos

squirrel whisperer
W.A. Whitney of Milo, Maine, sold canoes from the 1890s-1910. The canoe in these pictures was examined by Rollin Thurlow, who dated it to around 1895.

This canoe was recently sold through the classifieds in "Wooden Canoe". We didn't buy her, but contacted the seller for information out of curiosity. The seller very graciously sent us pictures and written information on the canoe, which may help identify others by this builder that aren't as clearly marked.

As with the early canoes of Gerrish and White, this canoe was built with rails which extend beyond the stems and elements that are mortised into the gunwales. It was originally a closed-gunwale canoe but was converted, in a restoration, to open wales.

The canoe is 17 feet long, 33 1/2" wide, and 12" deep. Ribs are 2 3/8" and are tapered. Half ribs are 1 1/4" wide. Decks are 11 1/2" long, with "W.A. Whitney/Maker/Milo-- ME" on the bow deck.

The single stern seat is mortised into the inside rail, as is the bow thwart. The remainder of the thwarts are bolted under the rail. In the pictures, these appear to be constructed of American chestnut-- a wood species used by Gerrish and other early builders. The canoe apparently has lashings on the deck tips, which aren't clearly seen in the pictures but are mentioned in Rollin's evaluation.

The half-ribs are interesting-- they exist only in the seating-areas, just as with an older Morris that was recently sold in Minnesota (the one that had been restored by Joe Seliga). Rollin felt the half ribs are original to the canoe. There are seven beneath the stern seat and seven in the place where the "sport" would place his comfortable canoe chair.

The canoe spent her life in Maine, on Sebec Lake.

I'll attach six of the pictures here and post the others after that.
 

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Three more pics...

These "transitional" canoes--- with elements of their birch bark ancestors--- teach us about the evolution of the canoe.

Kathy
 

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I don't know about this specific canoe, but a 17 foot wood/canvas might weigh 70 pounds. Weight will differ with the weight of the canvas, and the wood species used for trim can make a difference too. American chestnut looks similar to oak but is lighter in weight, so it seems to have been favored by early builders before 1900.
 
Another Whitney Canoe

Here's another one for your viewing pleasure. Found in Vt. Not for sale.
 

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Jerry Stelmok has a canoe that is thought to be a Whitney as shown at the bottom of this message. It was found with another similar canoe that had a Whitney stamp on the deck like the one shown above. The stem through the deck is similar to the one at the Maine State Museum described at the link below.


This led me to research him further. William A. Whitney was born in Milo, Maine in 1858. The 1880 census found him living at home and listed his occupation as a "laborer." He married Augusta M. Webb in Milo on September 26th, 1889. His canoes were advertised in the 1898 edition of the Bangor & Aroostook railroad's guidebook. This was near a listing for Gerrish's Hunting Camps run by Evan's older brother Luther. Whitney does not appear to have ever been listed in the Maine Register or any other business directory.

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The 1900 census lists him in Lake View Plantation just north of Milo with "Boat Builder" as his occupation. The 1910 census lists him with the same occupation in Milo. The 1920 census lists him as a "laborer" at the "mill" in Milo. He died sometime before 1930 when the census lists his wife as a widow. He is probably buried near the stone marked "Will" in the Whitney family plot between his brother and sister as shown at https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/169195105/will-whitney with no other supporting details. There doesn't appear to be much more information available. Please add anything else here.

Benson



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Rear seat photo? That front seat cleat is real interesting. Half ribs only at front and rear paddlers feet like my ancient White. Thwarts are similar but not nicely carved. Where are the old decks?
 
Here is a photo of the same shaped thwarts and the front seat hanging on the same style cleats.

I agree that it does look similar. That image has been the source of some confusion over the years. It appears in Sue Audette's 1998 book about Old Town with the caption "A Carleton canoe is displayed outside the Carleton shop in the late 1880s. Courtesy of Harold Lacadie" on page 13. It also is shown at http://blog.ravenwoodcanoes.com/2017/04/early-em-white-canoe.html in André Cloutier's Ravenwood Canoe blog post from 2017 about an early White canoe as well as at https://oldtownwatercraft.johnsonoutdoors.com/us/heritage in the current Old Town Canoe site that mentions the Indian Old Town Canoe and Robertson & Old Town Canoe companies. The building, lumber pile, and canoe are consistent with other early pictures of the Carleton sawmill on the edge of the river as shown below.

Benson



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Nothing that can help us in his obituary. He was the night watchman at the local mill in Milo the last few years of his life in the papers. I found no references to him building canoes. In the mid 1890's he was a steamboat captain moving lumber. References to him building his brothers home as a carpenter.
 

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Benson, in your post (#5 above), are all the pictures the same canoe? I see in the first one, the inwale is notched for the rib ends. And in the others, rib ends are beveled. I know that both of these strategies allow tumblehome and at the same time keep the gunwales horizontal.
Any additional info would be appreciated.
 
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