Hi Lex,
Your canoe is an enigma, but it seems reasonable that it might be in the Racine family. Here's some brief info:
- Racine Hardware Mfg. Co., Racine, WI (1879-1893). Failed financially.
- Racine Boat Mfg. Co. (1893-1916). Formed by Fred Martin from Racine Hardware Mfg. Co. Martin left in 1894 because of disagreement over company's direction. Company moved to Muskegon, MI, after a massive fire. Financial problems forced bankruptcy.
- Racine Yacht and Boat Works (1895-1899). Formed by Fred Martin, but failed because of competition from Racine Boat Mfg. Co.
- Racine Boat Co. (1906-1928). Formed by workers moving back to Racine WI. Filed because of changing canoe market.
There still seems to be a lot of confusion about which company made a particular canoe, and some Racines are still mistaken for Thompsons as well as Rushtons. Many features of your canoe point to Racine, but as you can see from above, this company had a very convoluted history. In addition, there may have been even more small and/or short-lived splinter companies (unknown today) that formed off of this already complicated group. Finally, your canoe could have been built during one of the transition periods, which could have held some confusion with respect to the features of the new company's products.
One thing simplifies this a bit... RHMC never made wood-canvas canoes, as far as is known. Neither did RYBW, to my knowledge. This leaves only RBMC and RBC. Here is a summary of what I gleaned from a variety of sources:
RBC (canvas canoes called "RacineWis"):
- stems recurved, much like Old Town
- bow seat suspended from inwales, as in Old Town
- ribs nailed directly to inwales, as in Old Town
- outwales rabbeted to form a lip that covers the planking (as is yours?)
- outwales riveted on, not nailed or screwed
- serial numbers: stamped into rib; written on outside planking in wax pencil
- no small carry thwarts
- no short deck under the long decks
RBMC:
- stems nearly vertical, or at least much less recurved
- bow seat mounted on cleats (as is yours)
- nails through planking and ribs and then into inwales
- outwales do not have a lip to cover planking; planking visible at top
- outwales nailed to ribs and inwales at each rib
- serial numbers: none?
- small carry thwarts at ends, even under decks of long-decked canoes
- actual heart-shaped decks under the long decks
So, how does your canoe fit into this set of features? Outwales appear to be nailed on from outside at every rib (like RBMC). However, they do appear to be rabbeted (like RBC). There are no carry thwarts (like RBC) and there are no short decks under the long decks (like RBC)- only a triangular support block. Your bow seat is not mounted to a cleat, but rather suspended from inwales (like RBC); the blocks between inwale and seat may have been added later. Finally, your canoe has a pretty nice recurve to the stems (like RBC).
So, if I’ve kept all these details straight, not made any mistakes here, your canoe matches RBC in most respects, but the nailing (rather than riveting) of the outwales, is an oddity- more like RBMC. Check to see if the ribs are nailed directly to the inwales, or whether the nails holding ribs to inwales pass through the planking and then the rib.
While you want to know who built the canoe, it’s interesting to have a mystery to solve. Hopefully there will be a solution. Steve Wheeler, a serious Racine historian, wrote the detailed series on the Racine companies and their small boats in Wooden Canoe. Is a book forthcoming? Jack McGreivey is also a great source of info, builds a replica of an RBMC canoe and wrote an excellent article in Wooden Canoe (no. 116) on the details of Racine wood-canvas canoes.
Michael